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Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is known as which type of protocol?
a. Distance vector protocol
b. Link state protocol
c. Path vector protocol
d. Error-correction protocol
Answer: b. Link state protocolsanfoundry+1
Which algorithm is used by OSPF to calculate the shortest path?
a. Bellman-Ford algorithm
b. Dijkstra’s algorithm
c. A* algorithm
d. Floyd-Warshall algorithm
Answer: b. Dijkstra’s algorithmpynetlabs+2
Which of the following is false about OSPF features?
a. Supports hierarchical routing
b. Does not support CIDR
c. Uses cost as metric
d. Supports fast convergence
Answer: b. Does not support CIDRuninets+2
OSPF protocol operates at which layer of the OSI model?
a. Data Link Layer
b. Network Layer
c. Transport Layer
d. Application Layer
Answer: b. Network Layernwkings+1
What is the default OSPF administrative distance?
a. 90
b. 100
c. 110
d. 120
Answer: c. 110pearsonhighered+2
In OSPF, what does an area represent?
a. Physical boundary
b. Logical division for managing routing updates
c. Collection of interfaces
d. Type of packet
Answer: b. Logical division for managing routing updatespynetlabs+2
Which type of OSPF router connects different OSPF areas?
a. ABR (Area Border Router)
b. Backbone Router
c. Internal Router
d. DR (Designated Router)
Answer: a. ABR (Area Border Router)uninets+1
What address does OSPF use for sending hello packets?
a. 255.255.255.255
b. 224.0.0.5
c. 224.0.0.1
d. 240.0.0.10
Answer: b. 224.0.0.5nwkings+1
The backbone area in OSPF is always:
a. Area 0
b. Area 1
c. Area 10
d. Area 255
Answer: a. Area 0pearsonhighered+2
What type of OSPF packet is used to discover neighbors?
a. LSU
b. Hello
c. DBD
d. LSA
Answer: b. Hellosimplilearn+1
A router that connects an OSPF AS to external networks is called:
a. Internal Router
b. ABR
c. ASBR
d. Backbone Router
Answer: c. ASBR (Autonomous System Boundary Router)pynetlabs+1
What is the metric used by OSPF to determine the best path?
a. Hop count
b. Cost
c. Bandwidth
d. Delay
Answer: b. Costscribd+2
OSPF uses which protocol number in the IP header?
a. 86
b. 88
c. 89
d. 90
Answer: c. 89uninets+2
Which OSPF packet type summarizes the database contents?
a. LSR
b. Hello
c. DBD
d. LSA
Answer: c. DBD (Database Description)pynetlabs+1
What does LSDB stand for in OSPF?
a. Link State Detail Block
b. Link State Database
c. Logical Subnet Database
d. Loopback State Database
Answer: b. Link State Databasepearsonhighered+1
Which multicast address does OSPF use to send updates to all designated routers?
a. 224.0.0.5
b. 224.0.0.6
c. 224.0.0.9
d. 224.0.0.10
Answer: b. 224.0.0.6nwkings+1
OSPF version for IPv6 networks is known as:
a. OSPF v1
b. OSPF v2
c. OSPF v3
d. OSPF-IPv6
Answer: c. OSPF v3nokia+1
The process of electing a DR in OSPF occurs in which type of network?
a. Point-to-point
b. Broadcast
c. Non-Broadcast Multi-Access (NBMA)
d. Loopback
Answer: b. Broadcastuninets+1
What happens if two routers have the same OSPF router ID?
a. OSPF ignores the lower IP address
b. OSPF forms adjacencies anyway
c. OSPF does not form adjacencies
d. OSPF sends error messages
Answer: c. OSPF does not form adjacenciessimplilearn+1
Which is the initial state when two OSPF routers start neighbor discovery?
a. Down
b. Init
c. ExStart
d. Exchange
Answer: a. Downindeed+1
OSPF divides a network’s routing infrastructure into what units?
a. Subnets
b. Areas
c. Hops
d. Regions
Answer: b. Areasnwkings+1
In an OSPF area, routers flood LSAs to:
a. Only adjacent routers
b. All routers within the area
c. Only ABR
d. Routers in any area
Answer: b. All routers within the areapearsonhighered+1
Which OSPF area type does not allow external routes but allows inter-area routes?
a. Backbone Area
b. Totally Stubby Area
c. Stub Area
d. NSSA
Answer: c. Stub Areascribd+1
OSPF supports which addressing scheme?
a. Only classful
b. Only classless
c. Both classful and classless
d. Only private addressing
Answer: c. Both classful and classlessnetworkerinterview+2
The election of DR/BDR in OSPF depends primarily on:
a. Router ID
b. IP address
c. Interface bandwidth
d. OSPF Priority
Answer: d. OSPF Prioritypynetlabs+1
Which OSPF router type only belongs to one area?
a. Backbone Router
b. Internal Router
c. ABR
d. ASBR
Answer: b. Internal Routernwkings+1
OSPF Hello packets perform all functions except:
a. Discover neighbors
b. Maintain adjacencies
c. Request link-state updates
d. Elect DR/BDR
Answer: c. Request link-state updatessimplilearn+1
What timer interval does OSPF use by default to send Hello packets on broadcast interfaces?
a. 2 seconds
b. 10 seconds
c. 30 seconds
d. 60 seconds
Answer: b. 10 secondspearsonhighered+1
Which OSPF LSA is used to advertise external routes?
a. Type 1
b. Type 3
c. Type 5
d. Type 7
Answer: c. Type 5routeralley+1
OSPF authentication can be configured using:
a. MD5
b. SHA-1
c. DES
d. SSL
Answer: a. MD5indeed+1
What is the primary benefit of using OSPF in large networks?
a. Faster convergence
b. Easy configuration
c. Low hardware requirements
d. No need for manual updates
Answer: a. Faster convergenceuninets+1
Which command is used to configure OSPF in Cisco IOS?
a. router rip
b. router ospf
c. router igrp
d. router bgp
Answer: b. router ospfcisco+1
Which table does an OSPF router use to store learned routes?
a. ARP Table
b. Routing Table
c. Neighbor Table
d. Switching Table
Answer: b. Routing Tablecisco+1
What mechanism does OSPF use to prevent routing loops?
a. Split Horizon
b. Distance Vector
c. Link State Advertisements (LSAs)
d. Route Poisoning
Answer: c. Link State Advertisements (LSAs)scribd+1
Which OSPF state represents a fully established adjacency?
a. Two-way
b. ExStart
c. Full
d. Exchange
Answer: c. Fullgeeksforgeeks+1
What kind of protocol is OSPF in terms of standardization?
a. Proprietary
b. Open Standard
c. Vendor Specific
d. Experimental
Answer: b. Open Standardnetworkerinterview+1
OSPF routers form neighbor relationships using:
a. RIP messages
b. Hello packets
c. TCP handshakes
d. DHCP requests
Answer: b. Hello packetspynetlabs+1
OSPF periodically sends what kind of packets for relationship maintenance?
a. LSR
b. Hello
c. DBD
d. LSA
Answer: b. Hellosimplilearn+1
What is the function of the Database Description (DBD) packet in OSPF?
a. Requests neighbor information
b. Summarizes the LSDB contents
c. Sends routing table updates
d. Verifies authentication
Answer: b. Summarizes the LSDB contentssimplilearn+1
Which OSPF area type allows for limited external route advertisements?
a. Backbone Area
b. Stub Area
c. NSSA
d. Totally Stubby Area
Answer: c. NSSA (Not-So-Stubby Area)scribd+1
The OSPF router ID is typically derived from:
a. Lowest IP address on any interface
b. Highest IP address on any interface
c. Manually configured value
d. MAC address
Answer: b. Highest IP address on any interfacepearsonhighered+1
What is the primary function of the Designated Router (DR) in OSPF?
a. Maintain neighbor table only
b. Distribute LSAs to other routers
c. Generate cost metrics
d. Configure authentication
Answer: b. Distribute LSAs to other routersuninets+2
Which OSPF external LSA type is used only in NSSA areas?
a. Type 3
b. Type 5
c. Type 7
d. Type 1
Answer: c. Type 7routeralley+1
OSPF forms what kind of relationships with routers in the same area?
a. Peer-to-peer
b. Neighbor
c. Master-slave
d. Trunk
Answer: b. Neighbornwkings+1
OSPF supports Variable Length Subnet Masking (VLSM), meaning:
a. All subnets must be the same size
b. Subnets can be of different sizes
c. Only classful addressing allowed
d. IP addressing not allowed
Answer: b. Subnets can be of different sizesuninets+1
Which OSPF packet acknowledges receipt of LSA?
a. Hello
b. LSAck
c. LSU
d. DBD
Answer: b. LSAckpynetlabs+1
What is the default OSPF Hello interval on serial/non-broadcast interfaces?
a. 5 seconds
b. 10 seconds
c. 20 seconds
d. 30 seconds
Answer: c. 30 secondspearsonhighered+1
OSPF supports CIDR, meaning:
a. Only classful routes allowed
b. Routes can be aggregated
c. Only /8 subnets allowed
d. It ignores subnet mask
Answer: b. Routes can be aggregatednetworkerinterview+2
What is the role of the OSPF Link State Request (LSR) packet?
a. Requests specific LSAs from a neighbor
b. Announces network changes
c. Summarizes the routing table
d. Authenticates packets
Answer: a. Requests specific LSAs from a neighborpynetlabs+1
OSPF uses which method for reliable delivery of routing updates?
a. Acknowledgements on LSU packets
b. Simple retransmission
c. Hop-by-hop confirmation
d. Automatic update
Answer: a. Acknowledgements on LSU packetsuninets+1

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