MCQs

Disclaimer:

Educational Use Only:

The website links provided are to be used strictly for educational and knowledge-gaining purposes only.

No Misuse:

Do not misuse the links or the information contained therein for any commercial, illegal, or unethical activities.

Respect for Websites and Businesses:

Respect the intellectual property and business interests of the websites and their owners. Do not attempt to alter, copy, or redistribute content without proper authorization.

Acknowledge Value of Knowledge:

Recognize and value the knowledge and resources shared by these websites. Use the information responsibly and ethically.

No Endorsement:

The provision of these links does not imply endorsement of the linked sites, their content, or their products and services. Users are responsible for evaluating the suitability and accuracy of the information.

User Responsibility:

By accessing these links, you agree to use the information at your own risk and to comply with all applicable laws and website terms of use.

1. In multicast networking, what is meant by multicast flooding?
   a. Sending multicast traffic only to registered group members
   b. Sending multicast traffic to all ports within a VLAN regardless of group membership
   c. Sending unicast traffic to multicast groups
   d. Blocking multicast traffic by default
   Answer: boreilly
2. Which protocol feature helps prevent multicast flooding on switches?
   a. Port mirroring
   b. IGMP Snooping
   c. QoS policing
   d. Spanning Tree Protocol
   Answer: buninets+2
3. What typically causes multicast flooding in Ethernet networks?
   a. Incorrect VLAN tagging
   b. Switches unable to identify which ports belong to multicast groups
   c. DHCP malfunction
   d. Physical cable faults
   Answer: buninets+1
4. What VLAN-wide consequence does multicast flooding have?
   a. Only active ports receive multicast frames
   b. All ports in the VLAN receive multicast frames, increasing unnecessary bandwidth use
   c. No frame delivery occurs
   d. Increased security for multicast streams
   Answer: boreilly
5. Which IGMP version is most commonly associated with Layer 2 multicast group management in IPv4 networks?
   a. IGMPv3
   b. IGMPv2
   c. IGMPv1
   d. IGMPv4
   Answer: auninets
6. How does selective flooding differ from multicast flooding?
   a. Floods only to the root switch
   b. Floods to all routers
   c. Only floods traffic to routers in specific directions, not all at once
   d. Disables all multicast
   Answer: ctechtarget
7. What is the primary reason for configuring storm control on switch ports?
   a. Prevent multicast and broadcast flooding from overwhelming the network
   b. Increase multicast bandwidth for all devices
   c. Accelerate spanning tree convergence
   d. Enable jumbo frames
   Answer: azyxel
8. Multicast flooding can lead to:
   a. Controlled bandwidth utilization
   b. Network congestion and waste of resources
   c. Enhanced performance
   d. Increased security
   Answer: bblogs.cisco+1
9. What is the purpose of the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol?
   a. To assign VLANs
   b. To manage multicast routing across network segments
   c. To block multicast at the firewall
   d. To monitor IGMP queries
   Answer: buninets
10. What multicast address range is commonly used for IPv4 multicast groups?
    a. 10.0.0.0/8
    b. 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255
    c. 172.16.0.0/12
    d. 255.255.255.255
    Answer: buninets
11. Which feature does IGMP snooping rely on to prevent flooding?
    a. Listening to IGMP messages sent between hosts and routers
    b. Filtering by VLAN tag
    c. Layer 1 filtering
    d. Learning MAC addresses only
    Answer: azyxel+2
12. When is multicast flooding most likely to occur on a Layer 2 switch?
    a. When IGMP snooping is disabled or unsupported
    b. When spanning tree is active
    c. When ARP tables are full
    d. When VLANs are misconfigured
    Answer: ablogs.cisco
13. Which algorithm prevents multicast loops in routing?
    a. Bellman-Ford
    b. Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF)
    c. Flooding Algorithm
    d. OSPF
    Answer: binterviewquestionspdf+1
14. What is one downside of uncontrolled flooding in multicast environments?
    a. Guaranteed delivery
    b. Multiple duplicate packets and network storms
    c. Simplified management
    d. Improved security
    Answer: btechtarget
15. Which protocol helps to discover multicast sources across different domains?
    a. OSPF
    b. Multicast Source Discovery Protocol (MSDP)
    c. IS-IS
    d. RIP
    Answer: binterviewquestionspdf
16. What happens to multicast traffic on a switch without IGMP snooping?
    a. Switch sends traffic only to registered members
    b. Switch blocks multicast entirely
    c. Switch floods the traffic to all ports in the VLAN
    d. Switch sends traffic only out trunk ports
    Answer: coreilly+1
17. Which OSI model layer deals directly with multicast address handling in Ethernet?
    a. Application
    b. Network
    c. Data Link (Layer 2)
    d. Transport
    Answer: cuninets
18. Which of these is commonly a symptom of multicast or broadcast storms?
    a. Low CPU utilization on switches
    b. High latency, packet loss, or network outages
    c. Improved QoS performance
    d. Faster multicast join times
    Answer: bzyxel
19. What is ‘storm control’ in the context of switches?
    a. A way to boost multicast throughput
    b. Mechanism to limit the rate of broadcast, multicast, or unknown unicast on ports
    c. VLAN tagging scheme
    d. Firewall rule set
    Answer: bzyxel
20. A multicast storm can be detected using which technique?
    a. Port mirroring with Wireshark to inspect traffic volumes and sources
    b. Disabling port security
    c. Increasing buffer sizes
    d. Lowering broadcast rates
    Answer: azyxel
21. Why do switches forward multicast frames out all ports by default?
    a. They assume all hosts want the traffic
    b. They lack a table mapping which ports belong to a multicast group
    c. Multicast traffic is identical to unicast in handling
    d. The frames are tagged multicast
    Answer: boreilly+1
22. Which is the MAC address prefix for IPv6 multicast?
    a. 01:00:5e
    b. 33:33
    c. FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF
    d. 00:50:56
    Answer: buninets
23. What is the goal of multicast group management protocols like IGMP (IPv4) and MLD (IPv6)?
    a. Assign IP addresses
    b. List all routers
    c. Inform routers about multicast group membership
    d. Synchronize VLANs
    Answer: cuninets
24. Which scenario increases the likelihood of multicast flooding?
    a. Proper IGMP snooping and group management
    b. Devices not leaving or joining multicast groups correctly
    c. Link aggregation is used
    d. All hosts are statically configured
    Answer: bblogs.cisco+1
25. What Layer 3 protocol mode is most suitable when receivers are sparsely distributed?
    a. PIM Dense Mode
    b. PIM Sparse Mode
    c. OSPF
    d. DVMRP
    Answer: buninets
26. What Layer 2 function does a switch perform if it does not know the port for a multicast group?
    a. Drops the multicast traffic
    b. Floods the multicast frames to all ports in the VLAN
    c. Broadcasts as unicast
    d. Only forwards on trunk ports
    Answer: boreilly+1
27. Which problem can arise if a device continually sends multicast packets across the network?
    a. Efficient network operation
    b. Potential multicast storm or flooding
    c. Lower packet loss
    d. Minimal CPU use
    Answer: bsciencedirect+1
28. What is one effect of enabling IGMP snooping on switches?
    a. Multicast frames are switched only to interested ports, preventing flooding
    b. All multicast is blocked
    c. Only unicast frames are delivered
    d. VLANs are reconfigured
    Answer: ablogs.cisco+2
29. Which best describes an uncontrolled flooding algorithm?
    a. Each node forwards duplicate copies of the same packet, potentially causing network storms
    b. Uses RPF to limit traffic
    c. Selective forwarding optimizations by routers
    d. IGMP limits traffic to registered ports
    Answer: atechtarget
30. Reverse Path Forwarding (RPF) in multicast serves what purpose?
    a. Adds multicast headers
    b. Ensures multicast packets arrive on expected interfaces and prevents routing loops
    c. Encrypts multicast data
    d. Applies VLAN tags
    Answer: binterviewquestionspdf+1
31. Multicast link-state routing often uses which tree approach?
    a. Source-based
    b. Group-shared
    c. Either a or b
    d. None of the above
    Answer: cexamradar
32. Why can multicast flooding be a scalability issue in large networks?
    a. Multicast replication is hardware intensive
    b. It can overwhelm bandwidth and cause performance degradation
    c. Switches auto-optimize traffic patterns
    d. It improves packet delivery times
    Answer: bzyxel+2
33. What happens to multicast streams if receivers do not leave groups when no longer needed?
    a. The streams are stopped
    b. Switches continue to forward unnecessary traffic, increasing flooding
    c. Multicast traffic is automatically blocked
    d. Performance improves
    Answer: bblogs.cisco+1
34. Which multicast routing protocol is known for supporting both dense and sparse modes?
    a. OSPF
    b. RIP
    c. PIM
    d. IS-IS
    Answer: cuninets
35. Which Layer 2 technology is used to limit broadcast and multicast traffic rates?
    a. Storm control
    b. Spanning Tree
    c. ARP inspection
    d. Port security
    Answer: azyxel
36. What do ‘shared tree’ and ‘source tree’ refer to in multicast?
    a. VLAN types
    b. Tree-based approaches to distributing multicast traffic
    c. Routing metrics
    d. MAC address learning methods
    Answer: binterviewquestionspdf
37. Which protocol does not directly help prevent multicast flooding?
    a. IGMP snooping
    b. PIM
    c. RSTP
    d. MLD
    Answer: cblogs.cisco+1
38. Which statement about multicast in LAN environments is TRUE?
    a. All switches natively block unknown multicast traffic
    b. Without multicast controls, switches flood multicast packets to all LAN ports
    c. VLANs prevent multicast flooding by default
    d. Layer 3 always blocks all multicast
    Answer: boreilly+1
39. What range is used for IPv6 multicast addresses?
    a. ff00::/8
    b. 2000::/3
    c. fe80::/10
    d. 224.0.0.0/4
    Answer: auninets
40. Multicast flooding in large VLANs may be mitigated by:
    a. Enabling IGMP snooping and storm control
    b. Increasing trunk bandwidth only
    c. Assigning static MAC addresses
    d. Disabling VLANs
    Answer: ablogs.cisco+2
41. What is one main risk of not managing multicast flooding in virtualized data centers?
    a. Increased virtual machine mobility
    b. Wasted bandwidth and resource contention affecting tenant performance
    c. Improved multicast application stability
    d. Reduced CPU utilization
    Answer: boreilly+1
42. What protocol is responsible for Layer 3 multicast routing between subnets?
    a. IGMP
    b. PIM
    c. Spanning Tree
    d. DHCP
    Answer: buninets
43. Which device will be most negatively affected by multicast flooding?
    a. A core router with dedicated hardware
    b. Edge switches and connected hosts receiving unwanted traffic
    c. Servers with multicast filtering enabled
    d. VLAN routers only
    Answer: boreilly+1
44. Which feature enables switches to learn which ports are members of each multicast group?
    a. Port security
    b. IGMP snooping
    c. Spanning tree
    d. ACLs
    Answer: bblogs.cisco+1
45. In practical troubleshooting, how can one determine the source of a multicast storm?
    a. Use switch logs, port mirroring, and packet analysis tools like Wireshark
    b. Shutdown all network devices
    c. Increase multicast TTL
    d. Disable all IGMP queries
    Answer: azyxel
46. Which scenario could lead to unnecessary multicast flooding?
    a. Multicast groups have been left without receivers but the streams are still forwarded
    b. Accurate group management
    c. Storm control and snooping enabled on all switches
    d. No multicast traffic present
    Answer: ablogs.cisco+1
47. Which effect does multicast flooding have on network hosts?
    a. Only group members are affected
    b. All connected devices may have increased CPU and bandwidth usage processing unnecessary frames
    c. Hosts ignore all frames
    d. Multicast is delivered only to routers
    Answer: boreilly+1
48. What action can immediately stop a device causing multicast or broadcast flooding?
    a. Disconnecting the device from the network
    b. Enabling DHCP snooping
    c. Lowering port speeds
    d. Increasing VLAN count
    Answer: azyxel
49. In a Layer 2 network, what happens to multicast frames after IGMP snooping is enabled?
    a. Frames only go to ports where group members are located
    b. Frames are still flooded
    c. Blocked by default
    d. Dropped by trunk ports
    Answer: ablogs.cisco+1
50. What is the most efficient solution to prevent multicast flooding in a growing enterprise environment?
    a. Combination of IGMP/MLD snooping, storm control, and consistent multicast group management
    b. Rely on VLAN isolation only
    c. Ignore multicast groups
    d. Enable only trunking
    Answer: azyxel+2

1. https://www.oreilly.com/library/view/cisco-lan-switching/1587050897/1587050897_ch09lev1sec2.html
2. https://www.uninets.com/blog/multicast-in-computer-networks
3. https://community.zyxel.com/en/discussion/19541/how-to-identify-and-resolve-multicast-and-broadcast-storms-in-your-network
4. https://blogs.cisco.com/networking/multicast-domain-name-system-mdns-still-flooding
5. https://www.techtarget.com/searchnetworking/definition/flooding
6. https://www.interviewquestionspdf.com/2023/12/24-multicast-interview-questions-and.html
7. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1570870525002501
8. https://examradar.com/question/3511/Multicast-link-state-routing-uses-the-tree-approach/
9. https://www.sanfoundry.com/computer-networks-questions-answers-online-test/
10. https://www.sanfoundry.com/computer-network-questions-answers/
11. https://mcqmate.com/discussion/27502/in-multicast-routing-protocol-flooding-is-used-to-broadcast-packets-but-it-creates
12. https://www.scribd.com/document/902402351/one-mark
13. https://www.kareemccie.com/2016/04/multicast-interview-questions.html
14. https://www.mgmgyp.org/mcqs/Notepad/4.B.Sc.%20IT/5th%20Sem/wireless%20network.html
15. https://climbtheladder.com/multicast-interview-questions/
16. https://reck.ac.in/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/DCN_MCQ-Ashwini-.pdf
17. https://www.auvik.com/franklyit/blog/multicast-networking/
18. https://ipwithease.com/product/multicast/
19. https://siteforinfotech.com/2014/12/mcq-on-routing-protocol-in-computer-networks.html
20. https://www.interviewbit.com/networking-interview-questions/