MCQs

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Overall MCQs for Reference

Which type of knowledge representation in AI best models relationships using nodes and edges?
a. Production rules
b. Semantic network
c. Frame
d. Script
Answer: b. Semantic networktestbook
In an entity-relationship model, what term describes the set of entities sharing the same properties?
a. Role set
b. Attribute set
c. Entity set
d. Relation set
Answer: c. Entity setstudocu
Which property describes the maximum number of entities involved in a relationship in an ER model?
a. Entity count
b. Minimum cardinality
c. Maximum cardinality
d. Instance limit
Answer: c. Maximum cardinalityexamveda
What term is used when an entity in a relationship is associated with itself in an ERD?
a. Recursive relationship
b. Binary relationship
c. Aggregation
d. Inheritance
Answer: a. Recursive relationshipstudocu
In knowledge representation, which structure is most suitable for hierarchical relationships?
a. Semantic network
b. Predicate logic
c. Frames
d. Scripts
Answer: a. Semantic networkwayground
What is the purpose of “defuzzification” in AI’s fuzzy logic?
a. Transform symbols into knowledge
b. Structure hierarchical data
c. Convert a fuzzy set to a crisp value
d. Establish entity relationships
Answer: c. Convert a fuzzy set to a crisp valuetestbook
Which of the following best describes a “frame” in AI?
a. If-then rules
b. Hierarchical structure
c. Stereotypical situations representation
d. Sequence of events
Answer: c. Stereotypical situations representationtestbook
Which knowledge representation technique is primarily used for conditional logic?
a. Script
b. Semantic network
c. Frames
d. Production rules
Answer: d. Production rulestestbook
The function that an entity plays in a relationship is called:
a. Participation
b. Role
c. Instance
d. Position
Answer: b. Rolestudocu
What does an ER diagram visually display in a database system?
a. Algorithm
b. Relationships among entities
c. Code flow
d. User interfaces
Answer: b. Relationships among entitiesexamveda
What is the main focus of “scripts” in knowledge representation?
a. Mathematical inference
b. Events sequence in typical situations
c. Machine learning
d. Constraint satisfaction
Answer: b. Events sequence in typical situationstestbook
In the context of AI, which model represents relationships by “IF-THEN” statements?
a. Frame
b. Semantic Network
c. Production Rules
d. Fuzzy set
Answer: c. Production Rulestestbook
Which attribute type in ER modeling allows for splitting into smaller attributes?
a. Composite
b. Derived
c. Multivalued
d. Simple
Answer: a. Compositestudocu
Which modeling technique would you use to illustrate relationships among more than two entities?
a. Unary
b. Binary
c. Ternary
d. Recursive
Answer: c. Ternarysanfoundry
“Inheritance” in frame-based representation is mainly used to:
a. Establish parent-child relationships
b. Label actions
c. Initiate scripts
d. Define probabilistic reasoning
Answer: a. Establish parent-child relationshipstestbook
In fuzzy logic, rules are often formed using:
a. Mathematical functions
b. IF-THEN statements
c. Constraints
d. Tables
Answer: b. IF-THEN statementstestbook
The descriptor for entities in an ER model is known as:
a. Instance
b. Attribute
c. Participation
d. Key
Answer: b. Attributestudocu
The process of converting a fuzzy relationship into a precise action is called:
a. Symbolization
b. Polarization
c. Defuzzification
d. Normalization
Answer: c. Defuzzificationtestbook
Which schema in knowledge representation links concepts by labeled edges?
a. Frames
b. Semantic Net
c. Production Rules
d. Neural Network
Answer: b. Semantic Nettestbook
Which relationship degree connects exactly two entities?
a. Unary
b. Binary
c. Ternary
d. Recursive
Answer: b. Binarysanfoundry
Frames in AI often utilize which concept for sharing properties between classes?
a. Attributes
b. Events
c. Inheritance
d. Relationships
Answer: c. Inheritancetestbook
Which part of an ER model describes the direction of a relationship?
a. Cardinality
b. Participation
c. Role
d. Degree
Answer: c. Rolestudocu
Which component of a semantic network represents a relationship?
a. Node
b. Edge
c. Frame
d. Script
Answer: b. Edgetestbook
The correct order for creating fuzzy rules includes:
a. Deciding variables → Defining terms → Relating inputs & outputs
b. Defining terms → Establishing relationship → Identifying variables
c. Establishing relationships → Defining terms → Identifying variables
d. Identifying variables → Establishing relationships → Defining terms
Answer: c. Establishing relationships → Defining terms → Identifying variablestestbook
In ER modeling, “participation” describes:
a. How many entities relate
b. The role played by an entity
c. The total attributes
d. The primary key
Answer: b. The role played by an entitystudocu
Which aspect of relationship modeling describes minimum associations required?
a. Instance count
b. Lower bound
c. Minimum cardinality
d. Entity role
Answer: c. Minimum cardinalityexamveda
What links slots and values in a frame?
a. Attributes
b. Relationships
c. Edges
d. Rules
Answer: a. Attributestestbook
“Participation constraint” in ER modeling means:
a. Every entity must participate in at least one relationship
b. Some entities may not participate
c. Attributes are optional
d. No relationships are necessary
Answer: a. Every entity must participate in at least one relationshipsanfoundry
Which term is used for a property unique to each entity in an ER model?
a. Attribute
b. Key attribute
c. Participation
d. Role
Answer: b. Key attributestudocu
Fuzzy logic relationships are based on:
a. Precise definitions
b. Probabilistic structures
c. Degrees of membership
d. Strict inheritance
Answer: c. Degrees of membershiptestbook
Which relationship type involves an entity participating in a relationship with itself?
a. Ternary
b. Binary
c. Recursive
d. Associative
Answer: c. Recursivestudocu
Which is a one-to-many relationship example in ER diagrams?
a. Employee manages Department
b. Department manages Employee
c. Employee reports to Manager
d. Teacher teaches Student
Answer: a. Employee manages Departmentsanfoundry
Knowledge-based agents use relationships to:
a. Generate percepts
b. Connect percepts with actions
c. Remove knowledge base
d. Store raw data only
Answer: b. Connect percepts with actionssanfoundry
In scripts, what kind of relationship is predominant?
a. Temporal
b. Hierarchical
c. Sequential
d. Causal
Answer: c. Sequentialtestbook
Which knowledge representation scheme best models object hierarchies and defaults?
a. Predicate logic
b. Semantic net
c. Frame
d. Rule-based
Answer: c. Frametestbook
In a semantic network, how are similar entities grouped?
a. By inheritance
b. By participation
c. By role
d. By cardinality
Answer: a. By inheritancetestbook
The relationship strength in ER modeling is described as:
a. Weak or strong
b. Simple or complex
c. Direct or indirect
d. Static or dynamic
Answer: a. Weak or strongsanfoundry
Which knowledge representation is best for default reasoning?
a. Frames
b. Scripts
c. Rules
d. Semantic nets
Answer: a. Framestestbook
In knowledge representation, an “instance” means:
a. Association
b. Unique entity
c. Attribute
d. Slot value
Answer: b. Unique entitystudocu
In fuzzy systems, membership functions establish relationships between:
a. Rules and facts
b. Variables and values
c. Attributes and classes
d. Scripts and actions
Answer: b. Variables and valuestestbook
Relationship among three entities is:
a. Unary
b. Binary
c. Ternary
d. Recursive
Answer: c. Ternarysanfoundry
What is a slot in a frame structure?
a. Role of entity
b. Placeholder for attribute value
c. Participating edge
d. Conditional statement
Answer: b. Placeholder for attribute valuetestbook
A binary relationship in entity modeling is:
a. Relationship with itself
b. Relationship with another entity
c. Relationship with multiple attributes
d. None of the above
Answer: b. Relationship with another entitysanfoundry
Scripts are useful to model relationships in:
a. Static knowledge
b. Stereotyped dynamic situations
c. Static objects
d. Hierarchies
Answer: b. Stereotyped dynamic situationstestbook
The edge in a semantic network represents:
a. Entities
b. Relationships
c. Scripts
d. Rules
Answer: b. Relationshipstestbook
Which is not a valid relationship degree in an ER model?
a. Unary
b. Binary
c. Ternary
d. Quaternary
Answer: d. Quaternarysanfoundry
Principle of Least Commitment in partial order planning allows for:
a. Early setting of all relationships
b. Deferring decisions about relationships
c. Ignoring relationships
d. Enforcing hierarchical relationships only
Answer: b. Deferring decisions about relationshipssanfoundry
In an ER model, which of the following specifically refers to the association between entities?
a. Attribute
b. Relationship
c. Slot
d. Script
Answer: b. Relationshipstudocu
What provides a method to infer new knowledge from existing relationships?
a. Algorithms
b. Knowledge-based inference
c. Compilation
d. Normalization
Answer: b. Knowledge-based inferencesanfoundry
Aggregation in ER modeling is used for:
a. Defining a relationship set as an entity
b. Connecting scripts
c. Assigning slots
d. Establishing inheritance
Answer: a. Defining a relationship set as an entitysanfoundry

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