MCQs

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Overall MCQs for Reference

Which data structure is typically used to implement LRU (Least Recently Used) cache?
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. HashMap + Doubly Linked List
d. Heap
Answer: c. HashMap + Doubly Linked Listgeeksforgeeks+1
What is the time complexity of searching an element in a balanced binary search tree?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer: b. sanfoundry+1
Which data structure provides approximate frequency counts for data streams?
a. HashTable
b. Bloom Filter
c. Count-Min Sketch
d. AVL Tree
Answer: c. Count-Min Sketchgeeksforgeeks
In a B-Tree of order m, what is the minimum number of keys a non-root node can have?
a. 0
b.
c.
d. 1
Answer: b. geeksforgeeks+1
Which of the following is NOT self-balancing?
a. AVL Tree
b. Red-Black Tree
c. Binary Search Tree
d. B-Tree
Answer: c. Binary Search Treescribd+1
Suffix trees are commonly used for:
a. Sorting
b. Pattern Matching
c. Graph Traversal
d. Scheduling
Answer: b. Pattern Matchingscribd+1
Which data structure represents a sparse matrix efficiently?
a. 2D Array
b. Linked List
c. Compressed Sparse Row (CSR)
d. Heap
Answer: c. Compressed Sparse Row (CSR)sanfoundry+1
What advantage does a Trie offer over a binary search tree for string search?
a. Faster numeric comparison
b. Spaces are always used more efficiently
c. Faster prefix-based lookup
d. O(1) search for integers
Answer: c. Faster prefix-based lookupscribd+1
The Fibonacci heap achieves which amortized time complexity for decrease-key?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Answer: a. scribd+1
Which data structure is designed to efficiently utilize the cache hierarchy without specific cache knowledge?
a. B-Tree
b. Cache-Oblivious Structure
c. Red-Black Tree
d. Binary Heap
Answer: b. Cache-Oblivious Structuregeeksforgeeks
Which is a succinct data structure for bit-vector representation?
a. Linked List
b. Wavelet Tree
c. Binary Search Tree
d. Stack
Answer: b. Wavelet Treegeeksforgeeks
What is the main feature of self-organizing lists?
a. Store data only sequentially
b. Rearranged based on access patterns
c. Only allow insertion at the end
d. Do not allow deletions
Answer: b. Rearranged based on access patternsgeeksforgeeks
A Bloom filter may return which incorrect result?
a. False negative
b. False positive
c. True negative
d. None
Answer: b. False positivesanfoundry+1
What is the advantage of a Min Heap over an unsorted array for implementing a priority queue?
a. Lower insertion time
b. O(1) removal of min
c. O(n) search
d. O(n) deletion
Answer: b. O(1) removal of minscribd+1
What is a Rope data structure used for?
a. Integer indexing
b. Efficient string manipulation
c. Sorting numbers
d. Storing binary trees
Answer: b. Efficient string manipulationgeeksforgeeks+1
Which data structure enables nearest neighbor search in multidimensional space?
a. B+ Tree
b. KD-Tree
c. AVL Tree
d. Circular Linked List
Answer: b. KD-Treesanfoundry+1
Van Emde Boas trees optimize for:
a. Integer keys with small universe
b. String searching
c. Floating point values
d. Matrix manipulation
Answer: a. Integer keys with small universesanfoundry+1
Which is NOT a feature of a Splay Tree?
a. Self-adjusting
b. Guaranteed O(log n) worst-case
c. Amortized O(log n)
d. No explicit balance
Answer: b. Guaranteed O(log n) worst-casegeeksforgeeks+1
Red-Black Trees guarantee which property?
a. All paths have equal length
b. Every null-link is black
c. No two consecutive red nodes
d. Nodes can have multiple parents
Answer: c. No two consecutive red nodesscribd+1
Ternary search trees are mainly applied in:
a. Integer addition
b. Text retrieval
c. Networking
d. Compression
Answer: b. Text retrievalgeeksforgeeks+1
The primary use of a Disjoint Set (Union-Find) is:
a. Graph cycle detection
b. Matrix operations
c. Cache management
d. String parsing
Answer: a. Graph cycle detectiongeeksforgeeks+1
Which data structure is best when fast access and deletion from both ends are required?
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Deque
d. Binary Heap
Answer: c. Dequescribd+1
Geometric data structures are essential for:
a. Audio processing
b. Spatial queries
c. Image compression
d. Sorting
Answer: b. Spatial queriesgeeksforgeeks
Which operation is NOT supported efficiently by Skip Lists?
a. Search
b. Insertion
c. Deletion
d. Finding median quickly
Answer: d. Finding median quicklysanfoundry+1
What is the primary benefit of a Cuckoo Hash Table?
a. Handles duplicate keys
b. O(1) worst-case lookup
c. Ordered keys
d. O(1) deletion only
Answer: b. O(1) worst-case lookupgeeksforgeeks
The typical height of an AVL tree with n nodes is:
a. O(n)
b. O( )
c. O( )
d. O(1)
Answer: c. O( )scribd+1
Cartesian Trees are used in:
a. Treemap visualizations
b. Range Minimum Query
c. Sorting
d. Shortest paths
Answer: b. Range Minimum Querysanfoundry
For time-series data with windowed queries, which is most appropriate?
a. Stack
b. Segment Tree
c. Array
d. Hash Map
Answer: b. Segment Treegeeksforgeeks
Which structure represents adjacency in dense graphs most space-efficiently?
a. Adjacency Matrix
b. Adjacency List
c. Edge List
d. Incidence List
Answer: a. Adjacency Matrixscribd+1
What is the application of a Fenwick Tree?
a. Fast fixed-size queue
b. Efficient prefix sums and updates
c. Hash table construction
d. Priority queue
Answer: b. Efficient prefix sums and updatessanfoundry+1
Which property holds for a D-ary heap?
a. Each node has at most two children
b. Each node has at most D children
c. Unordered structure
d. Used only for max-heaps
Answer: b. Each node has at most D childrenscribd+1
Hash trees (Merkle trees) are crucial for:
a. Audio processing
b. Blockchain integrity
c. Sorting arrays
d. Queue operations
Answer: b. Blockchain integritysanfoundry+1
Which structure supports multi-dimensional range queries efficiently?
a. AVL Tree
b. K-D Tree
c. B-Tree
d. Trie
Answer: b. K-D Treegeeksforgeeks+1
In a Min-Heap of n elements, what is the maximum number of leaves?
a. n/2
b. n
c. n-1
d. (n+1)/2
Answer: d. (n+1)/2scribd+1
Which property holds for a Skip List with n elements?
a. Worst-case O(n) lookup
b. Randomized balancing
c. Deterministic balancing
d. Always O(1) search
Answer: b. Randomized balancingsanfoundry
The ‘Union by Rank’ heuristic in union-find aims to:
a. Decrease depth of trees
b. Speed up insertions
c. Slow down search
d. Avoid duplicate nodes
Answer: a. Decrease depth of treesgeeksforgeeks
What is the worst-case lookup time for a Hash Table using chaining with n buckets?
a. O(1)
b. O(n)
c. O(log n)
d. O(n^2)
Answer: b. O(n)scribd+1
Pairing heaps are an example of:
a. Strict binary tree
b. Self-adjusting heap
c. Balanced search tree
d. Treap
Answer: b. Self-adjusting heapsanfoundry
Which advanced data structure is used for approximate membership queries with low memory?
a. AVL Tree
b. Bloom Filter
c. Red-Black Tree
d. Deque
Answer: b. Bloom Filtergeeksforgeeks+1
B+ Trees differ from B-Trees because:
a. Internal nodes don’t store keys
b. All data is stored in leaves
c. They are not balanced
d. Only support string data
Answer: b. All data is stored in leavesscribd+1
Which application is a good fit for a Z-Order Curve?
a. Geospatial indexing
b. Sorting algorithms
c. Parsing strings
d. Encryption
Answer: a. Geospatial indexinggeeksforgeeks
Which data structure efficiently represents sets and supports union and intersection?
a. Stack
b. Bit Vector
c. Rope
d. AVL Tree
Answer: b. Bit Vectorgeeksforgeeks
Which tree type allows the fastest search, insertion, and deletion among self-balancing BSTs in practice?
a. B-Tree
b. AVL Tree
c. Red-Black Tree
d. Splay Tree
Answer: c. Red-Black Treesanfoundry
Which structure can dynamically resize for data streaming?
a. Hash Map
b. Ring Buffer
c. Static Linked List
d. Fixed Array
Answer: b. Ring Buffergeeksforgeeks
Which is a significant use of Segment Trees in data science?
a. Managing user sessions
b. Answering range queries efficiently
c. Compression
d. Binary sorting
Answer: b. Answering range queries efficientlysanfoundry+1
AA-trees are a simplified form of which?
a. AVL Tree
b. Red-Black Tree
c. Heap
d. Trie
Answer: b. Red-Black Treesanfoundry
What distinguishes a Weak Heap among heap types?
a. Only supports one operation
b. Used in external sorting
c. Supports efficient in-place sorting
d. Handles strings natively
Answer: c. Supports efficient in-place sortingsanfoundry+1
What makes a Treap unique?
a. Uses random priorities
b. All nodes are leaves
c. No key comparisons
d. Only supports array input
Answer: a. Uses random prioritiessanfoundry
Which structure is especially useful for spatial partitioning in 2D/3D graphics?
a. Skip List
b. Quadtree/Octree
c. Array
d. Heap
Answer: b. Quadtree/Octreegeeksforgeeks+1
In networking for routing and packet classification, which structure is central?
a. Wavelet Tree
b. Trie
c. Stack
d. Deque
Answer: b. Triegeeksforgeeks+1

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