MCQs

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Overall MCQs for Reference

Which data structure is commonly used to represent a graph in memory?
a. Linked List
b. Stack
c. Adjacency Matrix
d. Queue
Answer: c. Adjacency Matrixtestbook
What does a node represent in a graph database?
a. An edge
b. A connection
c. A record or entity
d. A table
Answer: c. A record or entitytestbook
What is the minimum number of edges in a tree with n vertices?
a. n
b. n-1
c. 2n
d. n+1
Answer: b. n-1testbook
Which algorithm is typically implemented using a stack data structure to traverse a graph?
a. BFS
b. DFS
c. Dijkstra
d. Kruskal
Answer: b. DFStestbook
What is the degree of any vertex in a graph?
a. The number of edges incident with the vertex
b. The total number of vertices in the graph
c. The number of paths from that vertex
d. The weight of connected edges
Answer: a. The number of edges incident with the vertexmgu
Which graph traversal algorithm uses a queue?
a. Depth-first search
b. Breadth-first search
c. Dijkstra
d. Floyd-Warshall
Answer: b. Breadth-first searchtestbook
Which graph is used to model relationships in social networks?
a. Directed graph
b. Undirected graph
c. Tree
d. Sparse graph
Answer: b. Undirected graphtestbook
What is a complete graph?
a. A graph where every pair of vertices is connected by an edge
b. A graph with cycles
c. A graph with only one vertex
d. A graph with one edge
Answer: a. Every pair of vertices is connectedtestbook
The adjacency list is efficient for representing:
a. Dense graphs
b. Sparse graphs
c. Complete graphs
d. Weighted graphs
Answer: b. Sparse graphssanfoundry
Which representation allows quick checking whether two vertices are connected?
a. Adjacency matrix
b. Adjacency list
c. Incidence matrix
d. Degree sequence
Answer: a. Adjacency matrixtestbook
In a directed acyclic graph (DAG):
a. There are no edges
b. There are no cycles
c. Every node has the same degree
d. Each node is connected to every other
Answer: b. There are no cyclesstjosephcollege
Which traversal visits all nodes at the present depth before moving deeper?
a. BFS
b. DFS
c. Prim’s Algorithm
d. Dijkstra’s Algorithm
Answer: a. BFStestbook
Which algorithm finds the shortest path in a weighted graph?
a. Kruskal’s
b. Prim’s
c. Dijkstra’s
d. Bellman-Ford
Answer: c. Dijkstra’sgeeksforgeeks
In a connected graph, what does a cut vertex do when removed?
a. Leaves the graph connected
b. Disconnects the graph
c. Increases the degree
d. Forms a cycle
Answer: b. Disconnects the graphscribd
Which is true for a tree?
a. It contains cycles
b. It is always connected
c. Every node has two edges
d. It has n+1 edges
Answer: b. It is always connectedtestbook
What is the primary application of graph databases?
a. Storing hierarchical data
b. Mapping relationships between data
c. Transactional processing
d. File system implementation
Answer: b. Mapping relationships between datatestbook
Cayley’s Formula calculates:
a. Number of possible spanning trees in a complete graph
b. Maximum degree of a node
c. Shortest paths
d. Nodes in a bipartite graph
Answer: a. Possible spanning treesstjosephcollege
Which property does an undirected graph possess?
a. Edges with direction
b. Symmetric connectivity between nodes
c. Only one node
d. No cycles
Answer: b. Symmetric connectivitysanfoundry
What is a weighted graph?
a. A graph without weights
b. A graph where edges have associated values
c. Graph with vertex weights
d. Complete graph
Answer: b. Edges have associated valuestestbook
A cyclic graph is characterized by:
a. No cycles
b. At least one cycle present
c. Only two nodes
d. No edges
Answer: b. At least one cyclestjosephcollege
Which graph has maximum possible edges for n vertices?
a. Tree
b. Complete graph
c. Bipartite
d. Sparse graph
Answer: b. Complete graphtestbook
Exploratory graphs in data science are useful for:
a. Proving theorems
b. Visualizing and identifying patterns
c. Storing raw data
d. Processing images
Answer: b. Identifying patternssanfoundry
What does topological sorting do in a directed graph?
a. Sort nodes by degree
b. Arrange vertices according to dependencies
c. Arrange vertices randomly
d. Sort nodes by connectivity
Answer: b. Arrange vertices by dependenciesstjosephcollege
In a bipartite graph, vertices can be divided into:
a. Only one group
b. Two distinct sets
c. Three groups
d. Multiple groups
Answer: b. Two distinct setstestbook
What is an edge in a graph?
a. A connection between two nodes
b. A standalone vertex
c. A label
d. The maximum value
Answer: a. Connection between nodestestbook
Which chart is best for time series data visualization?
a. Pie chart
b. Bar chart
c. Line chart
d. Histogram
Answer: c. Line chartgyansetu
Which chart type shows proportions in data science?
a. Histogram
b. Pie chart
c. Line chart
d. Scatter plot
Answer: b. Pie chartgyansetu
What algorithm is used for Minimum Spanning Tree in graphs?
a. Prim’s algorithm
b. Floyd-Warshall algorithm
c. A* algorithm
d. DFS
Answer: a. Prim’s algorithmtestbook
What is the sum of degrees of all vertices in any undirected graph equal to?
a. Twice the number of nodes
b. Twice the number of edges
c. Number of vertices
d. Number of edges
Answer: b. Twice the number of edgestestbook
Which structure in graph theory is acyclic and connected?
a. Tree
b. Complete graph
c. Cyclic graph
d. Magic graph
Answer: a. Treetestbook
In a directed graph, what is the in-degree of a vertex?
a. Number of incoming edges
b. Number of outgoing edges
c. Vertex label
d. Graph height
Answer: a. Number of incoming edgesmgu
Which term describes a path that visits every edge exactly once?
a. Hamiltonian Path
b. Eulerian Path
c. Spanning Tree
d. Circuit
Answer: b. Eulerian Pathstjosephcollege
What is a graph with no cycles called?
a. Tree
b. Complete graph
c. Bipartite graph
d. Cyclic graph
Answer: a. Treestjosephcollege
What does a multigraph contain?
a. Only simple edges
b. Multiple edges between the same pair of vertices
c. No connected nodes
d. One vertex
Answer: b. Multiple edgessanfoundry
Which representation is not efficient for sparse graphs?
a. Incidence matrix
b. Adjacency list
c. Adjacency matrix
d. Edge list
Answer: c. Adjacency matrixsanfoundry
Which search algorithm is commonly used for shortest paths but does not handle negative weights?
a. DFS
b. Dijkstra’s algorithm
c. Bellman-Ford
d. Prim’s algorithm
Answer: b. Dijkstra’s algorithmgeeksforgeeks
A planar graph can be drawn:
a. With no edges crossing
b. With some edges crossing
c. With all nodes overlapping
d. Only in 3D
Answer: a. No edges crossingscribd
What is an application of graph analytics in data science?
a. Mapping social connections
b. Sorting arrays
c. Logistic regression
d. Sampling data
Answer: a. Mapping social connectionstestbook
Which graph structure is used for electronic circuit design analysis?
a. Trees
b. Arrays
c. Heaps
d. Graphs
Answer: d. Graphstestbook
What type of graph search uses recursion by default?
a. DFS
b. BFS
c. Kruskal’s
d. Prim’s algorithm
Answer: a. DFStestbook
A Hamiltonian cycle visits:
a. Every vertex exactly once and returns to the start
b. Every edge at least once
c. Only leaf nodes
d. Only odd-degree nodes
Answer: a. Every vertex once, returns to starttestbook
Which graph uses directed edges?
a. Tree
b. Directed graph
c. Undirected graph
d. Bipartite graph
Answer: b. Directed graphstjosephcollege
In data science, graphs can help in:
a. Visualizing complex relationships
b. Encrypting data
c. Sorting numbers
d. Compressing images
Answer: a. Visualizing relationshipssanfoundry
What does depth-first search help in identifying?
a. Connected components and cycles
b. Outliers
c. Data clusters
d. Regression lines
Answer: a. Components and cyclestestbook
Which matrix records only the presence/absence of edges in graphs?
a. Adjacency matrix
b. Incidence matrix
c. Degree matrix
d. Similarity matrix
Answer: a. Adjacency matrixtestbook
What is the main property of a directed acyclic graph (DAG)?
a. No cycles
b. Has cycles
c. All nodes connected
d. Multiple edges between two nodes
Answer: a. No cyclesstjosephcollege
Which algorithm is used for finding all pairs shortest paths in a weighted graph?
a. Floyd-Warshall
b. Prim’s
c. Kruskal’s
d. Dijkstra’s
Answer: a. Floyd-Warshalltestbook
What does a sparse graph mean?
a. Fewer edges relative to the number of vertices
b. Contains only cycles
c. All nodes connected
d. Symmetric edges
Answer: a. Fewer edgessanfoundry
Which graph representation is better for quick edge insertion/deletion?
a. Adjacency list
b. Adjacency matrix
c. Incidence matrix
d. Edge array
Answer: a. Adjacency listsanfoundry
What type of graph is often used for recommendations in e-commerce?
a. Social graph
b. Knowledge graph
c. Tree
d. Complete graph
Answer: b. Knowledge graphtestbook

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