MCQs

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Overall MCQs for Reference

What is a data structure?
a. A programming language
b. A collection of algorithms
c. A way to store and organize data
d. A type of computer hardware
Answer: c. A way to store and organize datasanfoundry
Which data structure uses the Last In First Out (LIFO) principle?
a. Queue
b. Tree
c. Stack
d. Linked List
Answer: c. Stackscribd+1
What is the time complexity for searching an element in a balanced binary search tree (BST)?
a. O(1)
b. O(n)
c. O(log n)
d. O(n^2)
Answer: c. O(log n)geeksforgeeks
Recursion is primarily implemented using which data structure?
a. Queue
b. Stack
c. Array
d. Graph
Answer: b. Stackscribd+1
What is the disadvantage of arrays?
a. Elements are not sequentially accessed
b. Memory space can be wasted if elements are less than the allocated size
c. Data structure like stack cannot be implemented
d. Index value can be negative
Answer: b. Memory space can be wasted if elements are less than the allocated sizesanfoundry
What is the key advantage of linked lists over arrays?
a. Faster lookup
b. No wastage of memory
c. Easy insertion and deletion
d. Better cache locality
Answer: c. Easy insertion and deletionscribd
What data structure is used for Breadth First Search traversal in a graph?
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Tree
d. Array
Answer: b. Queuegeeksforgeeks+1
Which data structure is ideal for implementing undo operations in text editors?
a. Queue
b. Stack
c. Array
d. Tree
Answer: b. Stackscribd
What is a queue’s working principle?
a. LIFO
b. Priority based
c. FIFO
d. Random
Answer: c. FIFOgeeksforgeeks+1
What is the worst-case time complexity for searching an element in a hash table?
a. O(1)
b. O(log n)
c. O(n)
d. O(n log n)
Answer: c. O(n)sanfoundry+1
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a stack?
a. It is a LIFO structure
b. Allows insertion at both ends
c. Has a top pointer
d. Used for recursion
Answer: b. Allows insertion at both endssanfoundry+1
What type of linked list allows traversing in both directions?
a. Singly linked list
b. Doubly linked list
c. Circular list
d. Binary list
Answer: b. Doubly linked listgeeksforgeeks
What is ‘trie’ primarily used for?
a. Sorting numbers
b. Storing strings for fast lookup
c. Heap sorting
d. Graph traversal
Answer: b. Storing strings for fast lookupsanfoundry
What is the main advantage of a circular queue over a linear queue?
a. Simpler implementation
b. No overflow unless full
c. Handles overflow automatically
d. Maintains LIFO order
Answer: b. No overflow unless fullscribd+1
Which data structure is used to optimize dynamic memory allocation?
a. Hash table
b. Heap
c. Stack
d. Array
Answer: b. Heapgeeksforgeeks+1
Which traversal yields the original input sequence for a binary search tree given sorted data?
a. Preorder
b. Postorder
c. Inorder
d. Level order
Answer: c. Inordersanfoundry+1
Which data structure should be used for implementing a priority queue?
a. Hash table
b. Stack
c. Queue
d. Heap
Answer: d. Heapsanfoundry
Time complexity for inserting an element in a dynamic array is:
a. O(n)
b. O(log n)
c. Amortized O(1)
d. O(n^2)
Answer: c. Amortized O(1)geeksforgeeks
Which of the following is not a linear data structure?
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Graph
d. Array
Answer: c. Graphscribd+1
Which operation is fastest in a singly linked list?
a. Search
b. Insert at front
c. Delete at middle
d. Random access
Answer: b. Insert at frontscribd
Which of the following can be used to detect a loop in a linked list?
a. Binary search
b. Floyd’s cycle-finding algorithm
c. Depth-first search
d. Quick sort
Answer: b. Floyd’s cycle-finding algorithmgeeksforgeeks
Which data structure helps in evaluating infix expressions?
a. Queue
b. Stack
c. Array
d. Linked list
Answer: b. Stacksanfoundry
Which tree keeps its height balanced after every insertion and deletion?
a. Binary search tree
b. AVL tree
c. Trie
d. Heap
Answer: b. AVL treegeeksforgeeks+1
What data structure is used in the implementation of breadth first search for a tree?
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Heap
d. Trie
Answer: b. Queuescribd+1
Which data structure is mainly used for implementing recursion?
a. Queue
b. Stack
c. Heap
d. Linked list
Answer: b. Stacksanfoundry
The best data structure to simulate browser history is:
a. Stack
b. Queue
c. Array
d. Hash table
Answer: a. Stackscribd+1
In which data structure is deletion of elements most efficient at the beginning?
a. Array
b. Stack
c. Doubly linked list
d. Queue
Answer: c. Doubly linked listgeeksforgeeks
Which of the following is true about B-trees?
a. They are binary trees
b. They are height-balanced trees
c. Used for in-memory indexing
d. All nodes have only two children
Answer: b. They are height-balanced treessanfoundry
The most efficient algorithm to find the shortest path in a weighted graph is:
a. Depth first search
b. Breadth first search
c. Dijkstra’s algorithm
d. Kruskal’s algorithm
Answer: c. Dijkstra’s algorithmgeeksforgeeks
In hash tables, resolving collision by chaining uses:
a. Array
b. Linked list
c. Stack
d. Heap
Answer: b. Linked listsanfoundry
What is the main problem of linear probing in hash table implementation?
a. Clustering
b. Memory overflow
c. Segmentation fault
d. Pointer error
Answer: a. Clusteringsanfoundry
Which data structure requires minimum time for inserting an element at the end?
a. Singly linked list
b. Array
c. Doubly linked list
d. Stack
Answer: d. Stackscribd
Which is not a self-adjusting binary search tree?
a. AVL tree
b. Red-black tree
c. B tree
d. Splay tree
Answer: c. B treesanfoundry
To find the k-th largest element in an array, which data structure is most suitable?
a. Stack
b. Heap
c. Linked list
d. Tree
Answer: b. Heapsanfoundry
Which of these is NOT a use of data structures in Data Science?
a. Data cleaning
b. Efficient storage
c. Fast retrieval
d. Memory management
Answer: a. Data cleaningsanfoundry
What’s the advantage of adjacency list over adjacency matrix in sparse graphs?
a. Faster to find connections
b. Uses less memory
c. More readable
d. Allows only unweighted edges
Answer: b. Uses less memorygeeksforgeeks
Breadth-First Traversal in a graph displays nodes in which order?
a. Depth order
b. Level order
c. Random
d. Topological
Answer: b. Level ordergeeksforgeeks
Which is optimal for representing hierarchical (tree-like) data?
a. Array
b. Queue
c. Tree
d. Heap
Answer: c. Treesanfoundry
Data structures are essential in Data Science for:
a. Data Integrity
b. Efficient computation
c. Visualization only
d. Random sampling only
Answer: b. Efficient computationsanfoundry
Which is not considered a NoSQL data structure?
a. Document
b. Graph
c. Key-value
d. Flat file
Answer: d. Flat filesanfoundry
Suffix trees are used for:
a. Image processing
b. Sequence analysis and pattern matching
c. Matrix operations
d. Sorting integers
Answer: b. Sequence analysis and pattern matchingsanfoundry
In Python, which module provides basic data structures like deque, namedtuple, and counter?
a. array
b. pandas
c. collections
d. numpy
Answer: c. collectionssanfoundry
Which of these tree traversals is used for copying a binary tree?
a. Preorder
b. Inorder
c. Level order
d. Postorder
Answer: a. Preordersanfoundry
A graph with edges having direction is called:
a. Undirected graph
b. Directed graph
c. Cyclic graph
d. Bipartite graph
Answer: b. Directed graphgeeksforgeeks
In a min heap, which of the following is always true?
a. The largest element is at the root
b. The smallest element is at the root
c. The root is empty
d. The root is leaf
Answer: b. The smallest element is at the rootsanfoundry
What is the maximum number of children a node in a binary tree can have?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
Answer: b. 2sanfoundry
What is a degenerate (or pathological) tree?
a. A tree with only left children
b. A tree with only right children
c. A tree where each parent has only one child
d. All of the above
Answer: d. All of the abovegeeksforgeeks
Which data structure efficiently adds/removes elements from both ends?
a. Stack
b. Deque
c. Queue
d. Linked List
Answer: b. Dequesanfoundry
What is the minimum number of edges in a connected graph with n vertices?
a. n^2
b. n-1
c. n+1
d. 2n
Answer: b. n-1geeksforgeeks
Which data structure is fundamental for implementing adjacency matrix in graphs?
a. Linked list
b. Array
c. Stack
d. Tree
Answer: b. Arrayscholarhat+1

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