MCQs

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1. Security constraints in cybersecurity are primarily based on which triad?
   a. AAA (Authentication, Authorization, Accounting)
   b. CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability)
   c. IDS (Intrusion Detection System)
   d. DLP (Data Loss Prevention)
   Answer: b. CIA (Confidentiality, Integrity, Availability)sailpoint+1​
2. What does the ‘C’ in the CIA triad stand for?
   a. Control
   b. Confidentiality
   c. Communication
   d. Computation
   Answer: b. Confidentialitysanfoundry+1​
3. The main goal of confidentiality is to prevent ________.
   a. Unauthorized access to data
   b. Systems from slowing down
   c. Firewalls from triggering
   d. Data backup failures
   Answer: a. Unauthorized access to datasailpoint​
4. Which security principle ensures information is accurate and trustworthy?
   a. Authenticity
   b. Integrity
   c. Availability
   d. Confidentiality
   Answer: b. Integritysanfoundry+1​
5. Ensuring that authorized users can access information when needed refers to ________.
   a. Integrity
   b. Confidentiality
   c. Availability
   d. Authentication
   Answer: c. Availabilitysailpoint+1​
6. Which attack affects data integrity?
   a. DDoS attack
   b. SQL Injection
   c. Phishing
   d. Keylogging
   Answer: b. SQL Injectionsailpoint​
7. Which control helps protect confidentiality?
   a. Multi-factor authentication
   b. RAID backup
   c. Log management
   d. Hash verification
   Answer: a. Multi-factor authenticationsailpoint​
8. Which of the following disrupts system availability?
   a. DDoS attack
   b. Data encryption
   c. Hashing
   d. Steganography
   Answer: a. DDoS attacksailpoint​
9. Encryption and hashing are mostly used to support which constraint?
   a. Availability
   b. Confidentiality and Integrity
   c. Accessibility
   d. Authentication
   Answer: b. Confidentiality and Integritysanfoundry+1​
10. Which model provides the foundation for defining security constraints?
    a. TCP/IP model
    b. CIA triad
    c. OSI model
    d. RBAC framework
    Answer: b. CIA triadsailpoint​
11. Integrity checking prevents ________.
    a. Data tampering
    b. Data leakage
    c. Unauthorized access
    d. Spam detection
    Answer: a. Data tamperingsanfoundry​
12. Confidentiality can be ensured by ________.
    a. Encryption
    b. Data destruction
    c. Code obfuscation
    d. Backup
    Answer: a. Encryptionsanfoundry​
13. When data is modified by unauthorized users, which constraint has failed?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Integrity
    c. Availability
    d. Non-repudiation
    Answer: b. Integritysanfoundry​
14. Availability loss often occurs due to ________.
    a. Hardware failure
    b. Encryption
    c. Authentication errors
    d. Redundant backups
    Answer: a. Hardware failuresailpoint​
15. Which pillar of security ensures data remains unchanged?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Integrity
    c. Availability
    d. Accountability
    Answer: b. Integritysailpoint​
16. Backup procedures mainly support which principle?
    a. Availability
    b. Confidentiality
    c. Integrity
    d. Accountability
    Answer: a. Availabilitysanfoundry​
17. Data classification is a control supporting ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Assurance
    c. Continuity
    d. Recovery
    Answer: a. Confidentialitysailpoint​
18. Which of the following ensures only authorized users can read data?
    a. Access control
    b. Hashing
    c. RAID
    d. Backup
    Answer: a. Access controlsailpoint​
19. The concept of least privilege supports which CIA component?
    a. Integrity
    b. Confidentiality
    c. Availability
    d. Authenticity
    Answer: b. Confidentialitysailpoint​
20. A digital signature primarily upholds ________.
    a. Availability
    b. Integrity and authenticity
    c. Confidentiality
    d. Backup safety
    Answer: b. Integrity and authenticitysailpoint​
21. A DDoS attack threatens which pillar of cybersecurity?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Integrity
    c. Availability
    d. Non-repudiation
    Answer: c. Availabilitysailpoint​
22. Which tool ensures data availability after an incident?
    a. Backup and disaster recovery
    b. Virus scanning
    c. Data encryption
    d. Steganography
    Answer: a. Backup and disaster recoverysanfoundry+1​
23. What does encryption convert data into?
    a. Plaintext
    b. Ciphertext
    c. Binary
    d. Hash
    Answer: b. Ciphertextsanfoundry​
24. Hash functions ensure ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Data integrity
    c. Data deletion
    d. Availability
    Answer: b. Data integritysailpoint​
25. Overly strict security controls can impact ________.
    a. Availability
    b. Confidentiality
    c. Integrity
    d. Password strength
    Answer: a. Availabilitysailpoint​
26. Confidentiality loss results from ________.
    a. Unauthorized access
    b. Data tampering
    c. DDoS attack
    d. Backup failure
    Answer: a. Unauthorized accesssailpoint​
27. Which principle ensures that data is accurate and complete?
    a. Availability
    b. Integrity
    c. Confidentiality
    d. Recovery
    Answer: b. Integritysailpoint​
28. Insider threats mainly violate which security constraint?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Availability
    c. Accountability
    d. Authentication
    Answer: a. Confidentialitysailpoint​
29. A ransomware attack impacts both ________.
    a. Integrity and availability
    b. Confidentiality and speed
    c. Accountability and privacy
    d. Assurance and redundancy
    Answer: a. Integrity and availabilitysailpoint​
30. The CIA triad’s integrity is maintained by which mechanism?
    a. Checksums
    b. Access lists
    c. Passwords
    d. Encryption
    Answer: a. Checksumssailpoint​
31. Availability ensures ________.
    a. Data can be accessed when needed
    b. Only authorized users access data
    c. Data remains encrypted
    d. Logs are retained
    Answer: a. Data can be accessed when neededsailpoint​
32. Multi-factor authentication strengthens ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Logging
    c. Uptime
    d. Backup speed
    Answer: a. Confidentialitysailpoint​
33. Malware infections can compromise which constraint(s)?
    a. All of the above
    b. Confidentiality
    c. Integrity
    d. Availability
    Answer: a. All of the abovesailpoint​
34. Least privilege policy refers to ________.
    a. Restricting access rights
    b. Encrypting user logins
    c. Increasing system performance
    d. Allowing unlimited access
    Answer: a. Restricting access rightssailpoint​
35. A corrupted backup affects which principle most?
    a. Availability
    b. Integrity
    c. Confidentiality
    d. Authenticity
    Answer: b. Integritysailpoint​
36. Firewalls enhance which aspect of data protection?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Confidentiality and availability
    c. Performance
    d. Transmission speed
    Answer: b. Confidentiality and availabilitysailpoint​
37. Which is not a CIA triad challenge?
    a. Balancing security and usability
    b. Ensuring continuous uptime
    c. Long encryption times
    d. Firewall overheating
    Answer: d. Firewall overheatingsailpoint​
38. Physical access control supports ________.
    a. Confidentiality and integrity
    b. Usability
    c. Utility
    d. Replication
    Answer: a. Confidentiality and integritysailpoint​
39. Authenticity ensures ________.
    a. Origin and validity of data
    b. Data recovery
    c. Backup encryption
    d. File compression
    Answer: a. Origin and validity of datasanfoundry​
40. Which of these is not part of the CIA triad?
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Non-repudiation
    c. Availability
    d. Integrity
    Answer: b. Non-repudiationsanfoundry​
41. The CIA triad provides a framework for ________.
    a. Developing information security policies
    b. Improving cloud storage
    c. Data compression
    d. Programming operations
    Answer: a. Developing information security policiessanfoundry+1​
42. Which of the following could reduce availability unintentionally?
    a. Frequent authentication
    b. Backup encryption
    c. Strong passwords
    d. Disk redundancy
    Answer: a. Frequent authenticationsailpoint​
43. A security incident response often evaluates threats using ________.
    a. CIA framework
    b. OSI model
    c. TCP protocol
    d. DNS hierarchy
    Answer: a. CIA frameworksailpoint​
44. The confidentiality principle ensures protection from ________.
    a. Unauthorized disclosure
    b. Authorized deletion
    c. Software maintenance
    d. Malware containment
    Answer: a. Unauthorized disclosuresailpoint​
45. A disaster recovery plan protects against failure of which principle?
    a. Availability
    b. Confidentiality
    c. Integrity
    d. Authentication
    Answer: a. Availabilitysailpoint​
46. Security constraints must be balanced to prevent ________.
    a. Performance degradation
    b. Overconfidence in users
    c. Excessive network latency
    d. Resource duplication
    Answer: a. Performance degradationiifis​
47. The CIA triad is referenced in which security standard?
    a. ISO 27001
    b. HTML 5
    c. ITIL
    d. COBIT
    Answer: a. ISO 27001sailpoint​
48. Access control and authentication mechanisms principally protect ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Availability
    c. Scalability
    d. Encryption
    Answer: a. Confidentialitysailpoint​
49. Data loss prevention (DLP) tools help maintain ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Productivity
    c. System uptime
    d. Licensing
    Answer: a. Confidentialitysailpoint​
50. Maintaining high availability may conflict with ________.
    a. Confidentiality
    b. Scalability
    c. Redundancy
    d. User authentication
    Answer: a. Confidentialityiifis+1​

1. https://www.sailpoint.com/identity-library/cia-triad
2. https://www.sanfoundry.com/cyber-security-questions-answers-elements-security/
3. https://iifis.org/blog/key-principles-of-information-security-explained
4. https://www.sanfoundry.com/1000-cyber-security-questions-answers/
5. https://interviewkickstart.com/blogs/articles/cyber-security-mcqs-answers
6. https://testbook.com/objective-questions/mcq-on-cyber-security-and-emerging-technologies–5eea6a0d39140f30f369e309
7. https://examradar.com/cyber-security-mcq-set-1/
8. https://www.scribd.com/doc/191588501/Solved-MCQ-of-Computer-Security-and-Network-Security
9. https://www.ccdcoe.org/uploads/2018/10/InternationalCyberNorms_Ch11.pdf
10. https://www.fortinet.com/resources/cyberglossary/cia-triad
11. https://www.yeahhub.com/40-cyber-security-mcq-answers-explanations/
12. https://osou.ac.in/eresources/osou-dcs03-block01-information-security.pdf
13. https://securityscorecard.com/blog/what-is-the-cia-triad/
14. https://www.theknowledgeacademy.com/blog/cyber-security-mcq-and-answers/
15. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/what-is-information-security/
16. https://www.atlassystems.com/blog/cia-triad-in-cybersecurity
17. https://www.includehelp.com/mcq/cyber-security-mcqs.aspx
18. https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-12r1.pdf
19. https://www.splunk.com/en_us/blog/learn/cia-triad-confidentiality-integrity-availability.html
20. https://www.imperva.com/learn/data-security/information-security-infosec/