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What is the main purpose of the grep command in Linux?
a. Searching for web pages
b. Editing files
c. Searching for patterns in text
d. Managing user permissions
Answer: c. Searching for patterns in texteitca+2
Which option with grep makes the search case-insensitive?
a. -l
b. -i
c. -v
d. -c
Answer: b. -ilabex+2
Which symbol in grep is used to specify a regular expression?
a. *
b. %
c. @
d. $
Answer: a. *infosecinstitute+1
What is the correct basic syntax to use grep for searching for “error” in a file named logfile.txt?
a. grep -i error logfile
b. grep “logfile.txt” error
c. grep error logfile.txt
d. error grep logfile.txt
Answer: c. grep error logfile.txtcyberciti+2
Which grep option shows only the count of matching lines?
a. -n
b. -c
c. -v
d. -r
Answer: b. -cgeeksforgeeks+1
grep ‘error’ *.log will do what?
a. Delete all files
b. Search for ‘error’ in all .log files
c. Rename files with .log extension
d. Encrypt log files
Answer: b. Search for ‘error’ in all .log fileseitca+1
How can you invert a match to show lines that do NOT contain a pattern with grep?
a. -i
b. -c
c. -v
d. -r
Answer: c. -vlabex+2
What does grep -n pattern file.txt display?
a. Only filenames
b. Number of files
c. Matching lines with line numbers
d. File permissions
Answer: c. Matching lines with line numbersgeeksforgeeks+1
Which grep option searches files recursively in subdirectories?
a. -v
b. -E
c. -r
d. -l
Answer: c. -rcyberciti+2
What does the output of grep ‘root’ /etc/passwd show?
a. User passwords
b. Only empty lines
c. All lines containing ‘root’
d. Line numbers only
Answer: c. All lines containing ‘root’eitca+1
Which regular expression matches both ‘Error’ and ‘error’?
a. grep [Ee]rror file.txt
b. grep (Error|error) file.txt
c. Both a and b
d. None of the above
Answer: c. Both a and bdigitalocean+1
What does the -l option do in grep?
a. Print filenames only
b. Show last lines
c. Print line numbers
d. Print lowercase only
Answer: a. Print filenames onlygeeksforgeeks+2
The origin of the name “grep” is:
a. Grouping Repetitive Entries Processor
b. Global Regular Expression Print
c. Generic Report Extractor Program
d. General Repeat Pattern
Answer: b. Global Regular Expression Printdigitalocean+1
What will grep ‘^user’ file.txt match?
a. Lines ending with ‘user’
b. Lines starting with ‘user’
c. Any line containing ‘user’
d. Lines with only ‘user’
Answer: b. Lines starting with ‘user’digitalocean+1
Which option with grep allows using extended regular expressions?
a. -r
b. -E
c. -v
d. -C
Answer: b. -Esanfoundry+2
What does grep ‘.’ file.txt match?
a. Only empty lines
b. Only lines with at least one character
c. Only numbers
d. Only capital letters
Answer: b. Only lines with at least one characterinfosecinstitute+1
Which brackets in a pattern specify a character class with grep?
a. ( )
b. { }
c. [ ]
d. < >
Answer: c. [ ]sanfoundry+2
What does grep ‘error\|fail’ logfile.txt do?
a. Finds lines with only ‘error’
b. Finds lines with ‘fail’ only
c. Finds lines with either ‘error’ or ‘fail’
d. Finds empty lines
Answer: c. Finds lines with either ‘error’ or ‘fail’eitca+1
What will grep -v ‘^#’ config.txt display?
a. Only lines starting with ‘#’
b. All lines except those starting with ‘#’
c. Only the last line
d. All empty lines
Answer: b. All lines except those starting with ‘#’cyberciti+1
In cybersecurity, what can grep be useful for?
a. Searching logs for security events
b. Encrypting files
c. Formatting text
d. Scheduling backups
Answer: a. Searching logs for security eventslabex+2
What does the -w option in grep do?
a. Searches for the whole word match
b. Writes to the file
c. Waits for input
d. Wraps text output
Answer: a. Searches for the whole word matchgeeksforgeeks+1
Which command would print only the lines that do not match the pattern ‘admin’?
a. grep -c ‘admin’ users.txt
b. grep -i ‘admin’ users.txt
c. grep -v ‘admin’ users.txt
d. grep -n ‘admin’ users.txt
Answer: c. grep -v ‘admin’ users.txteitca+1
What is the default behavior of grep regarding case sensitivity?
a. Ignores cases
b. Case sensitive
c. Changes all letters to uppercase
d. Searches only numbers
Answer: b. Case sensitivelabex+1
Which grep option shows matches along with surrounding lines (context)?
a. -C
b. -i
c. -v
d. -W
Answer: a. -Clabex+1
What does the -A option do in grep?
a. Prints all lines after the match
b. Prints lines after a matched line
c. Prints lines before a match
d. Prints lines with an appended number
Answer: b. Prints lines after a matched linecyberciti+1
How can you use grep to search for lines ending in a specific word?
a. Use the pattern with ^
b. Use the pattern with $
c. -w option
d. -v option
Answer: b. Use the pattern with $digitalocean+1
What will grep ‘[0-9]’ file.txt find?
a. Only uppercase letters
b. Digits (numbers) in lines
c. Special symbols only
d. Only empty lines
Answer: b. Digits (numbers) in linesinfosecinstitute+1
What does grep -f pattern.lst file.txt do?
a. Finds patterns listed in ‘pattern.lst’ in ‘file.txt’
b. Filters only patterns
c. Finds lines with the filename
d. Searches for file extensions
Answer: a. Finds patterns listed in ‘pattern.lst’ in ‘file.txt’sanfoundry+1
What does the -e option in grep allow you to do?
a. Encrypt files
b. Specify multiple search patterns
c. Edit lines directly
d. Export the file
Answer: b. Specify multiple search patternsgeeksforgeeks+1
How does grep treat regular expressions by default?
a. Uses extended regular expressions
b. Uses basic regular expressions
c. Ignores regular expressions
d. Uses only numbers
Answer: b. Uses basic regular expressionssanfoundry+2
To perform a case-insensitive search for ‘error’, which command is correct?
a. grep -i ‘error’ logfile.txt
b. grep -I ‘error’ logfile.txt
c. grep -e ‘error’ logfile.txt
d. grep -v ‘error’ logfile.txt
Answer: a. grep -i ‘error’ logfile.txtcyberciti+2
What will grep -r ‘password’ /etc accomplish?
a. Recursively searches for ‘password’ in the /etc directory
b. Replaces ‘password’ in all files
c. Removes ‘password’ from files
d. Restarts the system
Answer: a. Recursively searches for ‘password’ in the /etc directoryeitca+1
Which command will display filenames with matches, not matching text?
a. grep -r ‘root’ *
b. grep -l ‘root’ *
c. grep -n ‘root’ *
d. grep -c ‘root’ *
Answer: b. grep -l ‘root’ *geeksforgeeks+2
The -n option in grep is used to:
a. Print the number of files searched
b. Print matching lines with line numbers
c. Print only filenames
d. Print all lines
Answer: b. Print matching lines with line numberscyberciti+1
What happens if you use grep without specifying a file?
a. It gives an error
b. It reads from the standard input
c. It lists all available files
d. It opens a text editor
Answer: b. It reads from the standard inputlabex+2
What is a common use of grep in cybersecurity?
a. Filtering suspicious log entries
b. Drawing network diagrams
c. Encrypting files
d. Resetting user accounts
Answer: a. Filtering suspicious log entriesinfosecinstitute+2
Which syntax would search for both ‘login’ and ‘logout’ in ‘auth.log’?
a. grep ‘login|logout’ auth.log
b. grep -i ‘login,logout’ auth.log
c. grep ‘login logout’ auth.log
d. grep -E ‘login|logout’ auth.log
Answer: d. grep -E ‘login|logout’ auth.log geeksforgeeks+2
What is the role of . (dot) in a grep pattern?
a. Matches a space
b. Matches any single character
c. Ends the line
d. Matches only digits
Answer: b. Matches any single characterinfosecinstitute+1
grep -q will do which of the following?
a. Print matching lines
b. Return exit status only, no output
c. Print all lines
d. Print quote characters
Answer: b. Return exit status only, no outputgeeksforgeeks+1
Which command will list the count of matches for ‘ssh’ in /var/log/auth.log?
a. grep -n ‘ssh’ /var/log/auth.log
b. grep -c ‘ssh’ /var/log/auth.log
c. grep -v ‘ssh’ /var/log/auth.log
d. grep -l ‘ssh’ /var/log/auth.log
Answer: b. grep -c ‘ssh’ /var/log/auth.logcyberciti+1
How do you print matched pattern in color with grep?
a. Add –color option
b. Add -X option
c. Add -colorful option
d. Add -z option
Answer: a. Add –color optioncyberciti
What does grep ‘^$’ file.txt show?
a. Lines with numbers only
b. Lines with special characters
c. Empty lines (no text)
d. Lines starting with ‘^’
Answer: c. Empty lines (no text)sanfoundry+2
Which command displays lines that begin with a number?
a. grep ‘[0-9]$’ file.txt
b. grep ‘^[0-9]’ file.txt
c. grep ‘[^0-9]’ file.txt
d. grep ‘^\d’ file.txt
Answer: b. grep ‘^[0-9]’ file.txtinfosecinstitute+1
What does grep -H do?
a. Prints only matching text
b. Always print filename in output
c. Hides output
d. Halts search
Answer: b. Always print filename in outputgeeksforgeeks+1
What does the following command do: cat file.txt | grep ‘admin’?
a. Adds ‘admin’ to file.txt
b. Filters lines with ‘admin’ from file.txt
c. Deletes ‘admin’ from file.txt
d. Only displays the word ‘admin’ on new lines
Answer: b. Filters lines with ‘admin’ from file.txteitca+1
To match ‘Error’ at the start of a line, what pattern is used?
a. Error$
b. ^Error
c. Error.*
d. \bError
Answer: b. ^Errordigitalocean+1
Which of the following options is NOT a valid use of grep?
a. Finding IP addresses in logs
b. Searching for passwords in config files
c. Sorting files
d. Finding URLs in files
Answer: c. Sorting filesinfosecinstitute+2
What will grep -B 2 ‘fail’ logfile.txt do?
a. Prints 2 lines after match
b. Prints 2 lines before match
c. Prints every 2nd match
d. Ignores ‘fail’ matches
Answer: b. Prints 2 lines before matchgeeksforgeeks+1
How can you count the occurrences of the word ‘admin’ in a file with grep?
a. grep ‘admin’ file.txt
b. grep -c ‘admin’ file.txt
c. grep -n ‘admin’ file.txt
d. grep -i ‘admin’ file.txt
Answer: b. grep -c ‘admin’ file.txtcyberciti+1
What will grep -i ‘User’ data.txt do?
a. Finds only ‘User’, not ‘user’
b. Finds both ‘User’ and ‘user’
c. Finds only lowercase ‘user’
d. Finds nothing unless capitalized
Answer: b. Finds both ‘User’ and ‘user’labex+2

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